Box and axle journal



D. CUMMING.

Axle-Box.

Patented Nov 25, 1856.

".FEI'ERS. PHOTO-UYHOGRAPHER, WASNINGTQN. D, C.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

DAVID CUMMING, OF SORREL HORSE, PENNSYLVANIA.

BOX AND AXLE JOURNAL, 8w.

Specification of Letters Patent N0. 16,113, dated November 25, 1856.

To all whom it may concern;

Be it known that I, DAVID CUMMING, of Sorrel Horse, in the county of Montgomery and State of Pennsylvania, have in vented a new and useful Improvement on the Boxes and Journals for Axles for Land- Carriages and for Machinery Shafting; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the construction and operation of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making a part of this specification.

Figure 1 is an elevation of an ordinary carriage wheel, viewed from the inside, fitted with my improvement; Fig. 2 a top view of the same; Fig. 3 a longitudinal elevation of the box, containing the axle jour nal; Fig. 4 an end view of the same, and Fig. 5 a longitudinal section.

The nature of my improvement consists in making the box in two or more segments, joined together by screw threads out upon the same, similar to the manner shown in section, Fig. 5; and in turning out a conical groove on the inside of the box, in which works a corresponding conical collar, a, b, on the spindle, shown also in Fig. 5. This conical collar I cause to come directly, in the center of the wheel, both as regards an elevation and birds eye view, and is to be the only bearing part of the spindle or journal, the hole through the box surrounding the other parts of the spindle being made large enough to allow it to revolve without touching.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my improved box and journal, I will proceed to describe its construction and operation.

I construct my wheel in any of the known forms, and within the hub, commencing on the outside I cut any required number of key or feather seats as far through as I intend the inner end of the outer segment C D, (Figs. 3 and 5,) of the box to be when it is fixed in its place. These seats receive the feathers 0, (Z, 6, (Figs. 3 and 4) on the outer segment, C D, of the box. On the re maining portion of the box there are no feathers. The threads on the box at C and E, Fig. 5, I make right-handed for the Wheels on one side of the carriage, and lefthanded for those on the other side, so that the tendency is to screw the box tighter all the time the carriage is in motion. The separation of the box at E, I do not consider highly necessary; the inner and middle segment can be just as well made in one piece.

:13 2, Fig. 5, represents the spindle made of steel, iron, or other metal, which I weld or otherwise secure to the axle at m. I do not propose to confine myself to the precise shape of the conical collar, 64 b, Fig. 5, but to alter the angle and diameter of it according to circumstances, heavy vehicles requiring a greater angle than lighter ones.

The outside of the box at h 2', Figs. 3 and 5, I make a little tapering, in order to fit the inside of the hub snugly. At 2, Fig. 4, I bore an oil hole running through to the inside of the box, which will remain half filled with oil. At f 9, Fig. 1, I bore two small holes a short distance into the box, for the purpose of applying a key which is to be held firmly by one hand, while the other is used to turn around the wheel, when it becomes necessary to take it oif to examine it. The thread at E, if there be one there, being jammed tight, the separation will take place at C. On the outside of the hub I apply a cap, I, for the purpose of keeping out the dust and dirt.

In adapting my improvement to machinery shafting, the inside of the box and the journal will be made similar to that represented in Fig. 5, but the outside of the box will be modified to suit circumstances.

The advantages that my box have over all others are, first, having but one bearing and that one in the center of the wheel, thereby throwing all the strain on the part that is most capable of hearing it; secondly having a large reservoir inside for the purpose of retaining the oil or other lubricating matter, and thirdly, facility of removing the wheel to examine it.

'lVhat- I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is,

The V collar or bearing (a, I), Fig. 5), running in a V groove as herein described and the construction of the box in two separate parts, with the oil receptacles as herein described.

DAVID CUMMING.

IVitnesses WM. H. KING, CHARLES CUMMING. 

